Download Differential Leucocyte Count Test Report
What is a Differential Leucocyte Count Test Report?
A Differential Leucocyte Count (DLC) test is a blood test that identifies and measures the number of each type of white blood cell in the bloodstream. White blood cells are essential in protecting the body from infections, inflammation, and other diseases. By analyzing the different types of WBCs, healthcare providers can diagnose conditions such as infections, allergic reactions, and immune system disorders.
The test is typically part of a complete blood count (CBC) and is vital for detecting abnormal white blood cell counts, which can indicate potential health issues.
Key Components of Differential Leucocyte Count Test
The DLC test focuses on five main types of white blood cells, each with a specific function. Here are the key components included in the test:
- Neutrophils: These cells make up the largest percentage of white blood cells and are crucial in fighting bacterial infections. They act as the first line of defense when the body faces bacterial pathogens.
- Lymphocytes: Lymphocytes are primarily involved in the body’s immune response and help in recognizing and responding to infections caused by viruses. There are two main types: T-cells and B-cells.
- Monocytes: These cells are responsible for cleaning up dead or damaged cells and tissues. They also play a role in fighting chronic infections.
- Eosinophils: These cells are primarily involved in allergic reactions and combating parasitic infections.
- Basophils: The least common white blood cells, basophils release histamine and play a role in allergic responses and inflammation.
Normal Range of Differential Leucocyte Count Test
The following table outlines the typical reference range for each type of white blood cell found in the DLC test. Keep in mind that ranges may vary slightly based on the laboratory and population group.
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What Does the Result Mean?
Interpreting the Differential Leucocyte Count test results helps healthcare providers assess the immune system and detect abnormalities. Here’s what different levels could indicate:
- Neutrophils: High levels of neutrophils may suggest an ongoing bacterial infection, inflammation, or stress response. Low neutrophils may indicate a weakened immune system or certain blood disorders.
- Lymphocytes: Elevated lymphocyte levels may be associated with viral infections, leukemia, or certain autoimmune diseases. A decrease in lymphocytes could indicate an immune deficiency or viral infections.
- Monocytes: A high count of monocytes could be a sign of chronic infections, inflammatory diseases, or blood disorders like leukemia. Low monocytes may suggest a weakened immune system.
- Eosinophils: An increase in eosinophils is commonly linked to allergic reactions, asthma, or parasitic infections. A lower-than-normal count is generally not concerning.
Basophils: Elevated basophils are typically seen in allergic reactions or chronic inflammation, while a decrease may not be of clinical concern.
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