Peripheral Blood Smear Test | General Blood Picture Test Report Format Download
What is a Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) | General Blood Picture (GBP) Test Report?
A Peripheral Blood Smear (PBS) or General Blood Picture (GBP) test report provides a microscopic analysis of blood cells. This test is essential for diagnosing and monitoring various conditions affecting blood components like red blood cells (RBCs), white blood cells (WBCs), and platelets. It is often performed when complete blood count (CBC) results show abnormalities or symptoms like anemia, infections, or unexplained bruising are present.
Key Components of PBS/GBP Test
- Red Blood Cells (RBCs):
- Size, shape, and hemoglobin content are examined to detect anemia or other RBC disorders, such as sickle cell disease or thalassemia.
- Indicators: Microcytes, macrocytes, spherocytes, or schistocytes.
- White Blood Cells (WBCs):
- Differentiation of WBC types (neutrophils, lymphocytes, monocytes, eosinophils, and basophils) to identify infections, leukemia, or immune disorders.
- The presence of immature or abnormal WBCs is also noted.
- Platelets:
- Count and morphology are assessed to diagnose thrombocytopenia (low platelets) or thrombocytosis (high platelets).
- Abnormal Cells or Inclusions:
- Detection of typical lymphocytes, blasts (immature cells), or malaria parasites.
Normal Ranges of PBS/GBP Test
While the PBS/GBP test is descriptive, the normal ranges typically align with automated blood count tests like the Complete Blood Count (CBC). General reference values include:
Lab Reports in Word PDF Format
What do the results mean?
- Normal Results:
- Uniform RBCs without abnormal shapes.
- WBCs and platelets present in normal proportions and morphology.
- No signs of infections or abnormal cells.
- Abnormal Results:
- RBC Findings:
- Microcytosis (small RBCs): Indicates iron deficiency anemia.
- Macrocytosis (large RBCs): Suggestive of vitamin B12 or folate deficiency.
- Anisocytosis (variation in size): Seen in anemia of various causes.
- Poikilocytosis (abnormal shapes): Indicates sickle cell disease or severe anemia.
- WBC Findings:
- Leukocytosis (high WBCs): Suggests infection, inflammation, or leukemia.
- Leukopenia (low WBCs): May indicate bone marrow suppression or severe infection.
- The presence of immature or abnormal WBCs can point to leukemia or myelodysplastic syndromes.
- Platelet Findings:
- Thrombocytopenia: A low platelet count that can increase the risk of bleeding and may point to issues with bone marrow function or other underlying conditions.
- Thrombocytosis: An elevated platelet count often linked to inflammation, iron deficiency, or certain bone marrow disorders.
- Other Findings:
- Infections: Identifies malarial parasites, spirochetes, or atypical lymphocytes, which may suggest the presence of specific infections or immune system irregularities.
- Blood Disorders: Highlights evidence of conditions such as leukemia, lymphoma, or other severe hematological abnormalities.
- Chronic Conditions: Indicators of systemic diseases like liver disease or renal failure.
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